Intelligent sensor takes some predefined action when it senses the appropriate input (light, heat, sound, motion, touch, etc.).
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The sensor has to do the following tasks:
- Primary sensing element
- Excitation control
- Amplification
- Analogue filtering
- Data conversion
- Compensation
- Digital information processing
- Digital communication processing
Because the tasks are performed by microprocessors, any gadget which mixes a sensor and a microprocessor is usually called as an intelligent sensor.
To qualify as an intelligent sensor, the sensor and processor must be part of the same physical unit. A sensor whose only function is to detect and send an unprocessed signal to an external system which performs some action is not considered intelligent.
Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (USN) is used to describe a network of intelligent sensors that could, one day, become ubiquitous.[1]